On partisan "Echo Chambers"

The 2022 article was inspired by ongoing discussions on “echo chambers,” the idea that the media exposes people to overwhelmingly partisan and like-minded news content. To gauge the scale of the echo chamber problem, we asked: how many people have a news diet that is made of majority highly partisan sources? The figure below is somewhat unique because we present results corresponding to multiple definitions of “majority”--50% and 75% of an individual’s total news consumption. You can also adjust the “strictness” of the highly partisan content definition with the lenient/stringent button.

Note- we only capture internet browsing on desktop computers—not mobile devices, so it is conceivable that people see even less or much more partisan content on their mobile devices.

Echo Chambers on the TV and Internet

Partisanship ?
Lenient
Strict
On the web, we use a popular, Twitter-based method to give each news domain a partisanship score. Lenient means that websites more to the left of TheGuardian.com, and to the right of FoxNews.com are counted as highly partisan. Stringent means that Slate.com and Breitbart.com—more less centrist news sources—define “highly partisan”. On TV, all programs from Fox News, Fox Business, and NewsMax are counted as right-wing partisan. Lenient means that both CNN and MSNBC are counted as left-wing partisan, while stringent means that only MSNBC is counted.
Age group
Gender
ethnicity